When Questioning A Victim About The Perpetrator Of A Crime, The Police Should (2024)

FAQs

When Questioning A Victim About The Perpetrator Of A Crime, The Police Should? ›

Ask open-ended questions. Avoid questions that can be answered by “yes” or “no.” Ask questions such as “Can you tell me what happened?” or “Is there anything else you can tell me?”

Misattribution happens when you confuse the source of your information.

The memory process involves what five steps? Intention, attention, association, retention, recall.

Encoding information occurs through automatic processing and effortful processing. If someone asks you what you ate for lunch today, more than likely you could recall this information quite easily.

The correct statement is that eyewitness testimony is vulnerable to the power of suggestion. When an eyewitness is exposed to misleading information, leading questions, or other external influences, their memory of the event can be altered or distorted. This phenomenon is known as the power of suggestion.

Source confusion

An example of this would be, a witness who heard a police officer say he had a gun and then that witness later says they saw the gun. Understanding the source of one's memories is important to memory processes necessary for every day living.

Misattribution. -Confusing the source of information (putting words in someone elses' mouth (someone said something that they never said), or remembering a dream as an actual happening.

There are three main processes that characterize how memory works. These processes are encoding, storage, and retrieval (or recall). Encoding. Encoding refers to the process through which information is learned.

Psychologists distinguish between three necessary stages in the learning and memory process: encoding, storage, and retrieval (Melton, 1963).

The stages of human memory are encoding, storage, and retrieval. Memory might be stored differently depending on the type of memory being stored. For example, echoic memory is primarily sound-based and may be more short-term. Sensory memory can take several forms, including verbal, visual, and tactile.

What are the three main ways in which information can be encoded? ›

Encoding may be visual, acoustic, or semantic. Visual encoding and acoustic encoding are self-explanatory; they are named for the sensory modality through which they operate. Semantic encoding refers to the general meaning of an event.

Heuristics are simple strategies that humans, animals, organizations, and even machines use to quickly form judgments, make decisions, and find solutions to complex problems. Often this involves focusing on the most relevant aspects of a problem or situation to formulate a solution.

An example of encoded memory may include the memory of a beach vacation. On your vacation, you may process acoustic encoding through the sound of waves crashing into the shore and visual encoding through the sight of the horizon. Semantic encoding may include a word associated with the beach, such as suntan or sand.

The credibility of a witness may be impeached by asking the witness on cross-examination about the witness's bias, hostility, or interest for or against any party to the proceeding and by extrinsic evidence of such bias, hostility, or interest.

Misleading information is a key factor that can affect the accuracy of eyewitness testimony. Misleading information is incorrect information given to an eyewitness following an event. This can be during post-event discussion or take the form of leading questions.

Definition(s) The error of attributing a wrong source to a memory.

It has been observed in various psychological studies that long-term memory is very inaccurate. One of the contributing factors to this is the misinformation effect, which refers to the incorporation of misleading information into one's memory after the event.

The Decay theory is a theory that proposes that memory fades due to the mere passage of time. Information is therefore less available for later retrieval as time passes and memory, as well as memory strength, wears away.

Encoding failure refers to a breakdown in the process of getting information in to the cognitive system. When encoding failures occur, the information doesn't get into memory. Encoding failures can occur because of inattention to the target information or interference when the target information is presented.